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PROTEIN
Protein is essential to the metabolic processes of every cell in the human body, and it is second only to water in abundance, comprising one-fifth of an average person's body weight. It is essential for growth, and for the formation and repair of body tissues. Protein forms the basis of haemoglobin, the iron containing pigment which transports iron around the body; antibodies and other important components of our immune systems; and our muscles, skin, nerves, and glands. All enzymes and hormones are proteins.
Protein, together with fats and carbohydrates are often referred to as 'macronutrients', to distinguish them from vitamins and minerals which are required in much smaller quantities. Although all macronutrients contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, protein also contains nitrogen (and in some cases sulphur). Contrary to popular belief, protein is not an energy food. While it is true that once our body's protein needs are met, any extra protein is used as energy or stored as body fat, protein is essential only as a source of amino acids, not as an energy source. In fact, when insufficient carbohydrates are available and our bodies are forced to burn up proteins for energy, potentially toxic by-products called 'ketones' are created. If these ketones are allowed to build up they can upset the body's natural chemical balance, causing fatigue, headaches, nausea, and dizziness; and may increase the risk of heart disease in susceptible people. A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet is especially dangerous for pregnant women and diabetics.
Proteins are structured like a string of beads, with each bead representing an individual amino acid, and the string that joins them together representing a peptide (chemical) bond. When we eat food containing protein our digestive enzymes break these peptide bonds releasing the amino acids which are then absorbed through the intestines. The body then rebuilds them into a specific protein it needs. There are 22 seperate amino acids, and their sequence in a protein determines it's (the protein's) biological role and activity. Thirteen amino acids can be manufactured by the body, the other nine cannot. The nine amino acids are referred to as 'essential amino acids', and they must be present in the food we eat.
Not all protein-containing foods contain all nine essential amino acids in sufficient quantities. Proteins from plant sources are usually deficient in one or more of the essential amino acids, and so are referred to as 'incomlete proteins'. Some incomlete proteins are 'complimentary', meaning that when they are consumed with other foods containing different incomplete proteins, they compensate for each other's deficiencies, supplying us with all nine essential amino acids. Adding a small amount of animal protein to a plant-based meal will also supply the missing essential amino acids. For example, ham can be added to pea soup, meat or cheese can be added to spaghetti, milk can be added to cereals, egg can be added to potato salad, etc. Examples of matching two different plant based foods to form complete proteins include baked beans and white bread, corn and beans, lentils and corn, peanuts and seasame seeds, peanut butter and bread, rice and kidney beans, soybeans and wheat, split peas and rice, and tofu and rice.
The amount of protein required depends on a number of factors including age, gender, build, muscle-mass, health, and food consumed. An average person's protein required can be calculated on the basis of 10-12% of their total energy intake or 0.75-0.80 of a gram for each kilogram of body weight.
Kualitas protein / suplemen protein ditentukan oleh kandungan bahan didalamnya dan bukan dari MEREKnya saja, kenalilah jenis-jenis bubuk protein yang beredar di Amerika dan yang mana yang terbaik untuk anda.
Know Your Protein :
Content & Updated by Reps Mags (MNU)